The centers for disease control and prevention is accredited by the accreditation council for continuing medical education accme to. Complications of rubella are not common, but they generally occur more often in adults than in children. Adolescents and adults have more severe illness than young children. Mumps is a vaccinepreventable viral infection transmitted by and affecting only humans. The cdc and other health organizations recommend children receive two doses. The only mumps vaccines available in the united states are the measlesmumpsrubella mmr and the measlesmumpsrubellavaricella mmrv vaccines adolescents and adults who have not had mumps or have not been vaccinated with mmr should get 2 doses, separated by at least 28. It is characterized by swelling of the salivary glands that lasts at least two days. Mumps clinical features epidemiology and prevention of vaccinepreventable diseases the pink book.
Europewide mumps incidence rates can be found in ecdcs annual epidemiological report on communicable diseases in europe. Highly contagious mumps virus strikes among vaccinated. Orchitis, usually unilateral, occurs in 2030% of postpubertal males and oophoritis in approximately 5% of postpubertal females. The new jersey department of health njdoh has been made aware that the centers for disease control and prevention cdc is currently investigating an outbreak of clinically compatible mumps in persons affiliated with the national hockey league nhl affecting the u. Viral vaccine preventable diseases varicella measles, mumps, rubella polio. Epidemiology and prevention of vaccinepreventable diseases, th edition, the pink book, is developed by the centers for disease control and preventions cdc national center for immunization and respiratory diseases and distributed exclusively by the public health foundation phf.
Recognize the clinical presentation of mumps in adults. Cdc provides technical advice and rapid assistance on the ground if requested to states during outbreaks to limit measles spread after measles introductions. This revised immunization practices advisory committee acip recommendation on mumps vaccine updates the 1982 recommendation 1. No rightsare implied or extended for use in printing or any use by other cdc cios or any external audiences. Typical symptoms of mumps include swollen salivary glands and a fever. Mumps outbreaks in populations with high 2dose measlesmumpsrubella mmr vaccine coverage raise the question whether a third dose of mmr vaccine mmr3 is needed. Though most cases resolve, complications do occur in. A person develops immunity after he or she has received a vaccine and responded to it. Mumps is a contagious disease that is spread when infected people cough, sneeze. Mumps vaccine is recommended for children at 12 months of age, with a second dose recommended at 4 to 6 years of age. The incubation period of mumps is 12 to 25 days, but parotitis typically develops 16 to 18 days after exposure to mumps virus.
Epidemiology and prevention of vaccinepreventable diseases mumps chapter in the cdc s pink book on vaccinepreventable diseases. Immunology and vaccinepreventable diseases pink book. Epidemiology and prevention of vaccinepreventable diseases pink book webinar series measles, mumps, rubella2019 accreditation statements. Under sections 19a36a3 and 19a36a4 of the public health code and sections 19a2a and 19a215 of the connecticut general statutes, diseases on the annual lists of reportable diseases and laboratory reportable significant findings are required to be reported to the connecticut department of public health dph and the local health. Some studies indicate that secondary vaccine failure waning immunity may occur after successful vaccination.
Mumps is easily spread by airborne droplets from the upper respiratory tract. You can catch mumps through the air from an infected persons cough or sneeze. Mumps is a contagious viral infection that used to be common in children before the introduction of the mmr vaccine. Before routine use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, the burden of pneumococcal disease among children younger than 5 years of age was significant. Immunology and vaccinepreventable diseases pink book mumps. People who cannot show that they were vaccinated as children and who have never had mumps should be vaccinated. Symptoms typically occur 16 to 18 days after exposure and resolve after seven to 10 days. Adults born in 1957 or later without acceptable evidence of immunity to measles, mumps, or rubella should receive 1 dose of mmr a routine second dose of mmr vaccine at least 28 days after the first dose is recommended for adults who are. Photos of mumps the cdc offers photos of the disease and people affected by the disease. The only mumps vaccines available in the united states are the measlesmumpsrubella and the measlesmumpsrubellavaricella vaccines.
Mumps is a viral infection that causes inflammation of the parotid glands. Vaccinepreventable diseases are those diseases for which there is a shot that helps the immune system prepare for an infection. Mumps is a contagious viral infection that occurs mainly in schoolaged children. An estimated 17,000 cases of invasive disease occurred each year, of which,000 were bacteremia without a known site of infection and about 700 were meningitis. The mmr, or measles, mumps and rubella vaccine, protects against all three viruses. Aseptic meningitis resolves without sequelae in 3 to 10 days. Mumps fact sheet new york state department of health.
Mumps cases in us, from cdc pink book the most recent outbreak though is a new one, and potentially quite serious. Cdc pink book cdc vpd surveillance manual refer to nc slph guide to services. Approximately one third of infections do not cause clinically apparent salivary gland swelling and may be asymptomatic subclinical or manifest primarily as respiratory tract infection. In 2015, the hospitalisation rate was 9% in countries that reported these data n6 834 and complications were more frequently reported. We assessed mumps virus neutralizing antibody levels pre and postmmr3 in a nonoutbreak setting. Discuss the appropriate laboratory tests to diagnose mumps. It is also spread through direct contact with an infected persons saliva, such as sharing eating utensils. Evidence of mmr vaccineinduced infection undermines the protective rationale for its indiscriminate, mass use, much less, mandating its use against parents objections. Mumps fact sheet overview mumps is a disease caused by a virus.
Mumps is a viral disease caused by the mumps virus. Fact sheets, mmwr articles, pink book chapter on mumps, surveillance manual. Persons of any age who are unsure of their mumps disease history andor mumps vaccination history should be vaccinated. A witch hunt against parents of unvaccinated children. Mumps treatment, pictures, transmission, vaccine, outbreak.
Enders and peebles isolated the virus in human and monkey kidney tissue culture in 1954. Epidemiology and prevention of vaccinepreventable diseases. Injectable vaccine administration for adults aged 19 years. Cdc the recommended immunization schedule for adults aged 19 years or older, united states, 2018. Mumps is a systemic disease characterized by swelling of one or more of the salivary glands, usually the parotid glands. Immune responses to mumps vaccine in adults who were. Immunisation with mumps containing vaccine prevents the disease. Mumps mumps vaccine epidemiology and prevention of vaccinepreventable diseases the pink book. However, data on the immunogenicity of mmr3 are limited. Contraindications and precautions to commonly used vaccines in adults pdf.
Mumps is most recognisable by the painful swellings in the side of the face under the ears the parotid glands, giving a person with mumps a. Children should get two doses of mmr vaccine, starting with the first dose at 12 through 15 months of age, and the second dose at 4 through 6 years of age. After exposure, the disease usually takes 2 to 3 weeks to appear. Injectable vaccine administration for adults aged 19 years and older1 michigan department of health and human services division of immunization page 2 of 2 rev. This vaccine is given as measlesmumpsrubella mmr vaccine.
Cdc pink book, 2015 some people may experience very mild symptoms or no symptoms. In older children and adults, there is often a 1 to 5 day prodrome with lowgrade fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, and upper respiratory symptoms preceding the. Signs and symptoms symptoms of mumps begin about 16. Vaccinepreventable disease information and surveillance. But since the introduction of the measles, mumps and rubella mmr vaccine in 1967, its been almost fully wiped out.
The virus usually makes you feel sick and causes a salivary gland between your jaw and ear to swell. When a vaccinated person is exposed to a virus for example, hepatitis b or bacteria for example, diphtheria, his or her body is able to destroy the virus or bacteria and prevent. Inflammation in infected tissues leads to characteristic symptoms of parotitis and aseptic meningitis. Arthralgia or arthritis may occur in up to 70% of adult women who contract rubella, but it is rare in children and adult males. Pink book s chapter on mumps, mumps prevention and control in a healthcare setting. The mumps virus is spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Schedules and recommendations in appendix a of pinkbook. Measles, mumps, and rubella centers for disease control. This edition provides updated immunization and vaccine information to public health practitioners. There is no treatment for mumps, but the measlesmumpsrubella mmr vaccine can prevent it.
People with mumps should stay away from others for nine days after the onset of swelling of the salivary glands. Adults should make sure their vaccinations are uptodate. Mumps chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health cdc. The th edition epidemiology and prevention of vaccinepreventable diseases, a. Up to % have impaired fertility, though sterility is rare. Permanent unilateral deafness caused by mumps occurred in 1 of 20,000 infected persons. In the postvaccine era, among all persons infected with mumps. The presentation is posted on the pink book webinar web page along with the recording and other materials. College and posthighschool students working in medical facilities international travelers. Adolescents and adults who have not had mumps or have not been vaccinated with mmr should get 2 doses, separated by at least 28 days.
Before the routine vaccination program in the united states, mumps was a common illness in infants, children and young adults. For 2017 updates to human papillomavirus, meningococcal disease. The only mumps vaccines available in the united states are the measles mumps rubella mmr and the measlesmumpsrubellavaricella mmrv vaccines. Mumps information for health professionals minnesota dept. Symptoms of mumps were first described by hippocrates in the fifth century bc. There are currently no medications to treat the mumps virus. The mumps virus causes fever, aches and pains, and puffy cheeks from swollen salivary glands. Measlesmumpsrubellavaricella mmrv vaccine is licensed for children aged 12 months through 12 years and may be used if vaccination for measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella is indicated for this age group. Pinkbook mumps epidemiology of vaccine preventable. While the salivary glands especially the parotid gland at the sides of the cheeks are well known to be involved during a mumps infection, many other organ systems may also experience effects of the virus infection. Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine use and strategies for elimination of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome and control of mumps. You can also get it by direct contact with an infected surface. Tools from iac and our immunization partners about vaccine administration, including links to eziz online training, cdc s pink book, and aims immunization tool kit.
Tools from iac, cdc, and our immunization partners about the immunization schedules, including links to iacs laminated schedule and the official cdc immunization schedules, as well as to eziz online training, cdc s pink book, and aims immunization tool kit. This is then usually followed by painful swelling of one or both parotid salivary glands. Department of health communicable disease service mumps. Learn what might put you at risk and how you can reduce your chances of getting this oncecommon infection. In the prevaccine era, mumps accounted for approximately. Treatment for mumps is focused on relieving symptoms until your bodys immune system fights off the infection. Pinkbook rubella epidemiology of vaccine preventable. Introduction the combination measles, mumps, and rubella mmr vaccine includes live virus vaccines against measles, mumps, and rubella. Mumps encephalitis accounted for 36% of all reported.